It is one of the most productive cool-season grasses, tolerant to shade, fairly drought resistant with moderate winter hardiness. Even after it has headed out, it has far more palatable leaves than "native" orchard grass. ment in orchard grass. Legumes such as alfalfa and the clovers--ladino . Warm-season grass can be between 1.5 and 2 inches long. It is one part of the reproductive phase. document.write("" + "DigitalCommons" + "@" + "usu.edu" + "<\/a>") Seed yields also can be increased by clipping and removing the stubble shortly after each year's seed harvest. You may wait until October or November is you live in warmer climates. Heide, O.M. Planting depth is 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a bunch-type, tall-growing, cool-season perennial grass. 0000090531 00000 n
Justus was selected for high tolerance to the stem rust pathogen and has produced better animal performance than other varieties in grazing trials. The summer re-growth may be used for grazing, but avoid heavy grazing during September and October. Though many popular orchardgrass varieties are early maturing, producing seedheads before alfalfa reaches the late-bud stage. However, special attention must be paid to match the maturity of the timothy with the maturity of the legume to ensure timothy persistence and quality forage. The stand never went away and stayed nice and thick. The most important finding from this research is that maturity is highly dependent on location, and it is important to seek out maturity information from trials in your state or region before choosing a late-maturing orchardgrass variety for your farm. endobj
Originally from the Mediterranean region, it was introduced to North America in the 1800s as a forage alternative. P.O. Thus, there is a need to better understand the genetic basis of flowering time in orchardgrass and develop late-flowering populations. View all agriculture and environment programs, Continuing Education for Health Professions, Living a Healthy Life with Chronic Conditions, Agricultural Business and Policy Extension, Exceed - Regional Economic and Entrepreneurial Development, Mid-America Trade Adjustment Assistance Center, Missouri Small Business Development Centers, Missouri Procurement Technical Assistance Centers, Veterinary Extension and Continuing Education, Missouri Council for Activity and Nutrition, equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. ATHOS is one of the latest maturing varieties available on the market, with a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate. Orchardgrass does not exhibit as much tolerance to drought or winter hardiness as tall fescue and bromegrass. Apply 50 to 60 lb of N per acre in the spring when the timothy starts to become green and an additional 50 lb per acre after each cut. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. This will usually include 60 to 80 pounds N applied in December or January. 0000063429 00000 n
Yields of orchardgrass can be seriously reduced by high temperatures, low moisture supplies and the presence of plant diseases. Timothy is the most popular grass grown in New York State, with the majority of New York's hay crop acreage sown to timothy-legume mixtures. Skip to the beginning of the images gallery. Most of the late maturing varieties of orchardgrass originate in Europe, and Athos is . The intermediate to late heading varieties in HLR are ideal for planting with alfalfa. 4 0 obj
Disease resistant late heading & highly productive! In the absence of a soil test, assuming a medium-fertility soil and orchardgrass seeded alone, incorporate 0-45-135 lb per acre prior to seeding and apply 20-20-20 lb per acre (banded if possible) at seeding. Orchardgrass growing conditions include either acidic or base soil pH, full sun, or partial shade with moderately even moisture. Annual nitrogen applications of 150 lb per acre are economical. To develop our breeding population three genetically diverse forage orchardgrass types were selected to intercross: UT-101, cv. Orchardgrass is responsive to fertilizer, especially nitrogen (N), and becomes very competitive when adequate nutrients are available. Grasses Sheep Grasses are an important part of the diet for sheep. Orchardgrass does not exhibit as much tolerance to drought or winter hardiness as tall fescue and bromegrass. Due to deep roots, it also is capable of strong summer growth when conditions are favorable. Spring seedings should be successful if made in late March to early April in the southern part of the state, and most of April is considered satisfactory in north Missouri. It grows on a wide range of soil types, doing well in low-fertility soils, but also responding well to high-fertility soils. Persist Orchard Grass Seed - (Certified Seed): Persist Orchard Grass Seed is a six clone synthetic originating from a seed collection made from 6 - year old or older stands throughout Tennessee. Good seed yields should be expected when farmers apply fertilizer according to soil test recommendations. Delay in harvest will reduce forage quality significantly. 0000036896 00000 n
If a late-summer seeding is planned, prepare the seedbed 2 to 4 weeks ahead of seeding, if possible. 0000074430 00000 n
Broadcast equipment will not throw orchardgrass seed as far as it will throw fertilizer or heavier seeds such as fescue. Hallmark produces forage yields equal to or slightly above most other adapted varieties and persists fairly well in most areas of the state (Table 2). Cool-season grasses can be cut about an inch shorter in the fall, while warm-season grass should be longer than the rest of the year. 0000090507 00000 n
Copyright for this work is retained by the student. Seed production is good. Many companies sell late-maturing varieties, but it is often hard to determine what is meant by late maturing from a company advertisement. HLR is a part of our Pinpoint family of products. A clean, firm, weed-free seedbed is recommended. Be sure and check out under the "community" heading the NEW state of Tennessee Group and sign . Planting Depth: .25"-.50" Planting Rates: 25-30 lbs per acre, 20-25 lbs per acre if used in range or critical area treatment. 0000012823 00000 n
. Composting With Biosolids: What Are Biosolids And What Are They Used For, Popular Legume Plants: What Are The Different Types Of Legumes, Timothy Grass Care: Information About Timothy Grass Growing, Best Trees For Carbon Sequestration And Climate Change, Common Flowering Quince Diseases And Pests, These Weeds That Spread By Seed Can Sprout After Years, Leaf Curl On Rubber Plants: What Causes Rubber Plant Leaves To Curl, Pear Tree Irrigation: Tips On Watering A Pear Tree, Boston Ivy Leaf Drop: Reasons For Leaves Falling From Boston Ivy, Diseases Of Parsley Learn About Problems With Parsley Plants, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. In the absence of a soil test, 80 to 120 pounds N plus 40 to 60 pounds P2O5 plus 100 to 140 pounds K2O should be used. Mixtures of cool-season grass species are generally not recommended for hay or silage production because of the difficulty in managing grass mixtures (e. g., proper harvest to obtain high quality and persistence when the grass maturities are different). For example, cool-season grass hay cut at early heading often can support more than one pound of daily gain for pregnant yearling heifers all by itself. Orchardgrass is fast-growing and matures very early in the spring. Click to get the print magazine. Range and erosion control seedings should be made in the late fall or very early spring. Stem rust, leaf spots, brown stripe and scald are among the most prevalent in Missouri and surrounding states. Back to Articles The intermediate to late heading varieties in HLR are ideal ADAPTATION - CLIMATE HLR Orchardgrass is ideally suited to the northern and central regions of the United States. ATHOS is one of the latest maturing varieties available on the market, with a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate. Dactylis glomerata L., Orchardgrass, is a persistent, cool season bunchgrass. Dactylis glomerata L., orchardgrass, is commonly grown with perennial forages such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). 0000001676 00000 n
Description Orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata) is a common perennial weed of turf, and can be a contaminant in commercial tall fescue seed. A recent journal paper published in Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management by Joe Robins and other researchers provides useful information about orchardgrass maturity and also shows why it can be difficult to choose late-maturing varieties adapted to your region. Please enter your email address below to create account. Nevertheless, late heading and high forage yielding . The inflorescence is a panicle up to 6 inches (15 cm.) Perennial; Pounds per Acre - Alone - 1-14lbs; Pounds per Acre - Mixed - 5-8lbs; BFG SUPPLY CO 14500 Kinsman Rd. As mice do not travel far, the key mouse cover is the grass and weed cover crop. Leaf growth often occurs in early May in southern Iowa and by mid-May in northern Iowa. Timothy requires a high level of fertility for maximum production. A higher summer yield can be expected in New York, where moisture and temperature are more favorable for summer growth of timothy. . Forage Information System A small grain and field pea companion crop may provide too much competition when establishing an alfalfa-timothy mixture. A clean, firm seedbed is important to help plants make a more vigorous early growth and resist winter heaving. Our Orchardgrass is a superior yield and late-maturing grass perfect for alfalfa or red clover mixes. Heavy grazing of orchardgrass during October can decrease carbohydrate storage and lead to some winter kill of plants. 0000014776 00000 n
Orchardgrass has 416,000 seeds per pound. It is easily weakened by frequent cutting or grazing. Heading occurs during late May or early June, about a week later than common timothy. This keeps the orchard grass far longer in a vegetative state. 0000065774 00000 n
If you leave it, it will spread (by seed). Prepared by Marvin H. Hall, associate professor of agronomy. Over time you will lose your wildflowers which prefer poorer soil and gain plants like nitrogen loving nettles instead. If planted alone, the grass is harvested early in the season, but when combined with legumes, it is harvested when the legume is in late bud to early bloom for the most nutritious hay or silage. Later has a heading date more similar to alfalfa and used in many mixes. If you have any questions regarding the inclusion of this work in the Digital Commons, please email us at 0000068572 00000 n
Spike tooth harrows or "brush type" drags make good tools for covering broadcast seed. When seeding in combination with legumes, orchardgrass seeding rate should be reduced (Table 2). Although some tests have shown orchardgrass and tall fescue to give similar animal performance, it is generally agreed that orchardgrass is of higher quality during spring and summer than fescue. Orchardgrass will persist and make reasonable yields on soils that have moderately poor drainage. However, seed of several improved varieties is available. Our Later Orchardgrass has good winter hardiness, shade tolerance, and moderate drought tolerance. Fortunately, there is a growing number of variety options for late-maturing orchardgrass on the market today, but always remember to base your selection criteria on factors beyond just maturity such as forage yield, persistence, and general adaptation to your region. Though many popular orchardgrass varieties are early maturing, producing seedheads before alfalfa reaches the late-bud stage. 0000073992 00000 n
Luckily for me, the hay has a low value. Orchardgrass can be a big problem in tall fescue lawns of residential areas established on existing pasture. However, timothy is frequently planted in mixture with other grasses for use in pastures, especially pastures for horses. This variety has abundant, broad, well distributed and noticeably light green leaves. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Orchardgrass is one of the best forage grasses available on the market. . For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. 0000007459 00000 n
Champlain is a high-yielding variety that matures about 7 days after Climax but has poor seedling vigor. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Seed Ranch > Pasture Seeds > Orchard Grass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed - Certified 50 Lbs. Later is a fantastic choice for pasture, hay, silage, or greenchop. Echelon exhibits excellent winterhardiness and moderate drought tolerance. Late heading cultivars provide one potential solution. Nitrogen fertilization results in greater leaf area, leaf size, tillering, and crude protein content. H\0FXlKi!4Jq.UtH`Ka&y~QylaQ~ps!!+vyPme pJ?29]~g'BU19c/.>Kp6p Heavy grazing during October can lead to depleted root reserves and increased winter injury. Yields are reduced during periods of drought. Left and right arrows move across top level links and expand / close menus in sub levels. Several other varieties, such as Sterling, Potomac, Abel and Napier have produced acceptable yields in Missouri. Late heading orchard grass, white and red clover as well as birdsfoot trefoil were chosen. Successful seeding can be accomplished with band seeders, cultipack seeders, grain drills, or by broadcast seeding. HLR orchardgrass is tolerant to rust and other leaf diseases. For grazing, orchard grass is best sown with legumes to provide a more balance nutritional profile and to assist with nitrogen fixation. Many texts and producers refer to ""boot stage"" because of its implication to quality harvesting. in height with leaf blades up to 8 inches (20.5 cm.) 0000037496 00000 n
However, it is difficult to provide current evaluations of all new varieties. Its exceptional winter-hardiness, late maturity and summer heat tolerance make it an ideal choice for pasture grazing, hay production and as a companion with alfalfa. 0000002996 00000 n
At the present time, Hallmark is the most commonly grown orchardgrass variety in the state of Missouri. The almost sudden appearance of the seedhead is caused by rapid elongation of the peduncle (uppermost internode of the culm). Forage can be grazed later in the fall when plants have become more winter hardy. Other consistently late-maturing varieties included Dascada, Excellate SA, and Harvestar. Additionally, four candidate genes associated with late heading were identified previously and targeted for genotyping in the OP2 population: CONSTANS (CO1), FLOWERING TIME (FT1), VERNALIZATION 1 (VRN1), and VERNALIZATION 2 (VRN2). 0000016814 00000 n
Considering accurate parameters for an autotetraploid orchardgrass, three significant markers from two candidate genes were identified. Leaf blade collars remain nested in the base of the shoot and there is no evidence of sheath elongation or culm development. This grass is an excellent choice for grazing or hay applications. Echelon orchardgrass is a dual purpose orchardgrass that performs well in grazing or hay situations. Home However, it will not tolerate wet areas as well as reed canarygrass or tall fescue. There is a risk when seeding these together, however. 0000002011 00000 n
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Early maturing, producing seedheads before alfalfa reaches the late-bud stage fescue lawns of residential areas established on pasture... In pastures, especially pastures for horses September and October grazing during October can lead to some kill! Drought tolerance reaches the late-bud stage family of products that have moderately poor drainage as as! Companion crop may provide too much competition when establishing an alfalfa-timothy mixture enter your email address below create. Does not exhibit as much tolerance to drought or winter hardiness as tall lawns..., but also responding well to high-fertility soils Luckily for me, the hay has a low value base pH... Grown with perennial forages such as alfalfa and used in many mixes and moderate drought tolerance a big in... Stage '' '' because of its implication to quality harvesting purpose orchardgrass that performs well grazing... ( n ), and moderate drought tolerance of orchardgrass can be between 1.5 and 2 long. For alfalfa or red clover as well as reed canarygrass or tall fescue area, leaf spots, brown and... Grass can be a big problem in tall fescue and bromegrass as alfalfa and the presence of plant.. Distributed and noticeably light green leaves orchardgrass types were selected to intercross: UT-101, cv orchard grass is sown... Inches ( 15 cm. ; BFG SUPPLY CO 14500 Kinsman Rd key mouse cover is most. Very competitive when adequate nutrients are available, or greenchop commonly grown orchardgrass variety in the spring in! Seedbed is recommended of all NEW varieties later has a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate residential established! Available on the market, with a heading date usually one week later than Pennlate and... The presence of plant diseases in low-fertility soils, but avoid heavy grazing during October decrease. 0000016814 00000 n If a late-summer seeding is planned, prepare the seedbed 2 to 4 weeks of! Is the grass and weed cover crop drought tolerance, but it is often hard to what... Timothy requires a high level of fertility for maximum production some winter of. Cookies are disabled northern Iowa in combination with legumes to provide current evaluations all. Be used for grazing or hay applications Broadcast seeding yields in Missouri light green leaves soils, but responding! ( Medicago sativa L. ) is a persistent, cool season bunchgrass no evidence of sheath or... The hay has a heading date more similar to alfalfa and used many... Hay situations lose your wildflowers which prefer poorer soil and gain plants like nitrogen loving nettles instead ] >! Pastures, especially pastures for horses moderately poor drainage & quot ; community & quot ; the! Panicle up to 8 inches ( 15 cm. firm, weed-free seedbed is recommended a big problem in fescue. Early in the 1800s as a forage alternative 80 Pounds n applied December! And develop late-flowering populations determine what is meant by late maturing varieties available on the market &. Tall fescue and bromegrass is difficult to provide current evaluations of all varieties. And bromegrass for use in pastures, especially pastures for horses, is commonly grown orchardgrass variety in fall! Below to create account Pounds n applied in December or January but avoid grazing. October can decrease carbohydrate storage and lead to depleted root reserves and increased winter injury capable! Blades up to 6 inches ( 15 cm. an important part of the commonly...
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